Elastic-fluid turbine.



O. B. REARIGK.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7, 1910. I 1,008,204. Patented Sept. 12,1911.

2 SHBETS-SHEET 1.

w/mssses ATTORNEYS B. REM-Mini.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7, 191 LQQQ QQLL Patented Sept. 12, i1}

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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WITNESSES VENTQR ATTORNEYS REARICK, of the city, county, and'State ofUNITED STATES Pars-NT oFFIoE.

CHARLES BEMIS BEARICK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Application filed February To all whom it may concern:

Be' it known that 1, CHARLES Emits New York, have made a certain new anduseful Invention Relating to Elastic-Fluid Turbmes, of whlch thefollowing a specification, taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, which form part of the same.

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines and relates especiallyto steam or other elastic fluid turbine construction of the double flowtype in which a duplicate series of secondary chambers are provided onboth sides of the primary wheel chamber to receive steam therefrom, theshaft cars rying interchangeable bucket wheels run ning in saidchambers, there being a plurality of wheels in each of the lower stagesecondary chambers with which nozzle members having special returnpassages may cooperate.

In the accompanying drawings showing in a somewhat diagrammatic wayseveral illustratlve embodiments of this invention,"

F igure l is a vertical longitudinal section. Fig.2 is an enlargedtransverse sectional detail showin the nozzle member construction. Fig.3 1s a cross-section thereof taken substantially along the line 3-8 ofFig. 2. Fig.4 is a partial longitudinal section showing a modifiedcasing construction; and. Fig. 5 is a transversedetail section showing adifierent return passage arrangement. Fig.

6 is a vertical longitudinal section showing a different construction.

In the illustrative embodiment of this invention, the turbine casing mayas indicated be formed as by casting in several longitudinal dividedsections 1, 2 which of course may be rigidly but removably securedtogether in any desired way as by suitable bolts 73 and cooperating nuts74 securing together suitable integral flanges 71, 72 on the casingsections as indicated in Fig. 6. The casing may be provided with anumber of transverse partitions, such as the end partitions andthevarious intermediate partitions 4:9, 50, 51 and 52, indicated to formthe several chambers 12, 13,1 1, 15 and 16 shown in Fig. 1. The primarychamber 14 may as indicated be located adjacent the center of the casingand connected with the annular admission passage!) and communieatingadmission pipe tit-hrodgh which the steam or other Inotivefluidmaybesupplied.

Specification of Letters lfatent.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911 1910. seriainois iaie'ix On either side of theprimary chamber du pllcate-series of secondary chambers maybe arrangedso as to receive motive fluid simultaneously from the primary chamber'inthis double flow construction.

The shaft 3 may be mounted in suitable bearings 5 of any desiredconstruction and pass through suitable stuffing boxes 4 in the endpartitions of the casing. The bucketed wheels of any suitableconstruction may be mounted on this shaft in any desired way and inorder to standardize the construction the wheels may all beinterchangeable and a plurality of wheels may be mounted in each of thelower stage secondary chambers so as to give the proper increase inwheel capacity therein and allow the first stage wheels to be used atfull capacity.

As indicated in Fig. 1. the steam flowing into the different nozzles 43cooperating with the wheel 26 in the primary chamber 14 4 passes throughthe wheel buckets the desired number of= times and then is dis chargedfrom the primary chamber through the two series of suitable nozzles 18,19, simultaneously deliverering it into the buckets of the wheels 25,27in the first of the secondary chambers 13 and 15. Since the steam hasexpanded considerably by this time this arrangement takes care of adegree of expansion which doubles the steam volume. If this ratlo ofexpansion between the various series of nozzle members20 and 61 may beused in the chamber 16 'so as to supply steam from the preceding chamberto the buckets of the two wheels 28 and 29. Similar separate nozzlemembers 120 and 161 may cooperatewith the twb low stage wheels 23, 24 inthe chamber 12 at the other end of the turbine. It is desirable, to havethe bodies of all these nozzle members interchangeable and provided withsimilar return passages to pass, the steam a number of timesthrough thewheel buckets before it is finally discharged therefrom. This can bearranged by providingthe'nozzle members with supporting nozzle tubessimilar.

to those of the nozzle members 19 so that when mountedin the partition52 they propferly cooperatewith the adjacent wheel-28. The'nozzlemembers 61'may have'the same "bodies, including the. nozzles and returnpassages,- andbe provided with longer nozzle tubes ,so' as to projectfarther from the supporting partition 52 in which they are'circumferentially' displaced or interposed be-- .tween the seriesof-nozzle members 20 and by projecting beyond the same support theirnozzle members so as to properly coeperate with'the outer wheel 29. Ifdesired, however, special nozzle members, such as 17-,

' may be-provided in the lower stage secondary chamberssoas tosimultaneously supply theiplurality of wheels as 23, 24 ar-- rangedtherein. ,As indicated at the left of I Fig. 1, sucha-nozzle'membermayhave a vplurality offluidxpa'ssages 21, 22 to simultaneouslysupplyfthe buckets of the two wheels so-that' the steam after passing aplurality of times therethrough is finally discharged into the chamber.12, preferably provided with an annular exhaust s ace communicatingwithfthe exhaust pipe the opposite'chamber 16'having a similar passageand exhaust pipe 8 as indicated.

h ==chamber 16 at the right of Fig. 1 tosimultaneously supply steamthrough their multi- Special nozzle members, such as 117, may providedin the low stage secondary plefluid passages 121, 122 to the buckets ofthe'two wheels 28, 29. 'If desired, however,

ly passages-44'shown in Fig. 4, maybe prov ided to supply the motivefluid to the outer heels in the lower stage secondary chambers. Thesteam which has been delivered through the nozzle member'47 and passedthrough the wheel 27 is delivered into the Epecial annular or otherwisearranged supfi1' st secbndary chamber 15 and then may simultaneouslypass through the nozzle member 46 and wheel 28 and the supply pasf'sage44 and the nozzle member 45 and outer wheel 29 before being dischargedinto the exhaust space 53. .In this way the tubes of the nozzle members.45 may be straight and arranged radially in suitable plugged radialnozzle apertures It is usually desirable to similarly arrange the nozzlemembers as 43 in the primary chamber and these supporting nozzle tubesmay he firmly held within their nozzle apertures in any desired way asby expanding or otherwise, and if desired special threaded nuts such as63 .may be arranged on suitably threaded extensions of these nozzletubes to hold them in position. By arranging the nozzle'members so as todeliver alternately to both sides of the buck: ets of the wheel 26 inthe primary chamber the longitudinal thrust is completely neutralized inthis instance and the duplicate series 0 secondary chambers and nozzleson each side of this primary chamber have ex-. actly equal andoppositely directed end thrusts so as to entirely eliminate all troublefrom this source. v

Asindicated in Fig. 1, the nozzle apertures may be longitudinally alinedby boring them through the various'partitions at the desiredcircumferential interval so that the nozzle members will be properlyspaced about the wheel to operate it at the desired capacity. In thisway proper alinement of the discharge end 42 of this tube to thesuitably shaped no'zzle 30 integral if desired with the nozzle member61and communicating with the wheel buckets 36 which of course may beformed in any desired way. The nozzle member '61 may be provided withany desired number of return passages so as to pass the motive fluid anynumber of times through the wheel buckets before it isfinally dischargedinto the chamber. These return passages may be formed by the diaphragmssuch as 64, 65, 66 in the nozzle member and if desired suitabledistributing flanges such as 33, 34 may be arranged projecting from therear diaphragm to or adjacent the succeeding diaphragm ahead as thewheel rotates so as to form the curved return passages 31, 32,preferably constituting a gradually expanding series, each of which hasa greater cross-section than the preceding one. Since there is atendency for the motive fluid to bank up at the-forward sides of thesereturn passages their receiving endsmay be relieved at the forward sidesso as to accommodate this collection of the fluid and.

this may be accomplished by inwardly flaring the receiving end of thereturn passage at its forward side, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3 byinwardly bending or warping the corresponding portion 38 of thedistributing flange 33, or if desired the distributing return passagemay be relieved at this point by removing the distributing flangesubstantially along the line 35 shown 'in Fig. 5 which is a View takenin the opposite direction "from Fig. 2. It is also beneficialv in somecases to provide these return passages with open forward sides such as40 where Use geous'to provide these diaphragm-s with suitable reliefapertures such as 87 adjacent the central portions of the facescooperating with the wheel which also tends toprevent choking.

Having described this invention in connection with a number ofillustrative embodiments, forms, proportions, numbers and arrangementsof parts, to the details of which disclosure the invention is not ofcourse to be limited, what is claimed as new and what is desired to besecured by Letters Patent is set forth in the appendedv claims.

1. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a divided casing, 'provided andduplicate series of secondary chambers on both sides of said primarychamber and receivlng motive fluid therefrom, a shaft carryinginterchangeable bucketed wheels running in said chambers, thermbeing aplurality of said wheels in each of the lower stage secondary chambersand nozzle mem bers cooperating with said wheels and having supportingnozzle tubes mounted in longitudinally alined nozzle apertures in saidpartitions, said nozzle members having interchangeable bodies comprisingintegral .re-

turn passages and the nozzle members cooperating with the outer wheelsin said lower stage secondary chambers having longer nozzle tubesinterposed between those of the nozzle members cooperating with theinner Wheels in the same chamber.

2. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a casing provided withpartitions to form a primary chamber and duplicate series of secondarychambers on both sioes of said primary chamber and receiving motivefluid therefrom, a shaft carrying interchangeable bucketed wheelsrunning in said chambers, there being a plurality of said wheels ineach-ref the lower-stage secondary chambers and a series of nozzlemembers having integral return passages cooperating with each of saidwheels.

3. The elastic fluid turbine. comprising a longitudinally divided.casing provided with partitions to form a primary chamberand' duplicateseries of secondarv chambers on both sides of said primary chamber andreceiving motive fluid therefrom. a shaft car-' rying interchangeablebucketed wheels running in said chambers. there being a plurality ofsaid wheels in each of the lower stage secondary chambers and a seriesof nozzle members having integral return passages cooperating with eachof said-wheels.

4. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a.

, longitudinally divided casing provided with partitions to form aprimary chamber and duplicate series of secondary chambers on ,tubesmounted both sides of said primary chamber and receiving motive fluidtherefrom, a shaft carrying bucketed wheels running in said chambers,nozzle members cooperating with each of the. wheels in said secondarychambers and having supporting nozzle in longitudinally alined nozzleapertures, in said partitions and .nozzle members cooperating with thewheel 'in-1said primary chamber and having supporting nozzle tubesmounted in substantially 'radial nozzle apertures in said casin 5. Theelastic fluid turbine, comprising a longitudinally divided casing.provided with partitions to form a primary chamber and duplicate seriesof secondary chambers on both sides of said primary chamber andreceiving motive fluid therefrom, a shaft carrying bucketed wheelsrunning in said chambers, nozzle members cooperating with each ofthe-wheels in said secondary chambers and having supporting nozzle tubesmounted in longitudinally alined nozzle apertures in said partitions andnozzle mem-- bers cooperating with thewheel in said primary chamber.

6. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a longitudinally divided casingformed with a series of secondary chambers, a shaft-can ryinginterchangeable bucketed wheels running in said chambers, there being aplurality of said-wheels in each of the lower stage secondary chambersand a series of nozzle members cooperating with each of the wheels insaid secondary chambers and having supporting nozzle tubes mounted inlongitudinally alined nozzle apertures in said casing, the nozzlemembers cooperating with the outer wheels in each of the lower stagesecondary chambers having longer supporting tubes interposed between theshorter supporting tubes of the nozzle members cooperating with theinner wheels in the same chamber.

7. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a casing provided with achamber. a shaft carrying a plurality of buc'keted wheels running insaid chamber, nozzle members comprising return passages cotiperatingwith each of said wheels and having supporting nozzletubes mounted innozzle apertures in 'the partition forming the side of said chamber, thenozzle members cooperating with each of the wheels farther from saidpartition, being provided with longer supporting tubes interposedbetween the supporting tubes of the nozzle members 00- operating withthe inner wheel.

8. The elastic fluid turbine, con'iprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber, nozzle members cooperating with said wheel,each of saidnozzle members being provided with diaphragms having reliefapertures and distributing flanges extending forward from saiddiaphragms to form a graduallyexpandingseries of re-- turn passageshaving inwardly open forward sides, the receiving ends of said returnpassages having inwardly flaring for ward sides to distribute the motivefluid received from the wheel buckets before again passing the sametherethrough.

9.- The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a nozzle member cooperating with said wheeland provided with dia-' phragms having relief apertures and distributingflanges extending forward from said diaphragms to form a graduallyexpanding series of return passages having in wardly open forward sides,the receiving ends of said return passages having re- 1 lieved forwardsides to distribute the mothe receiving ends of said return passageshaving relieved forward sides to distribute the motive fluid receivedfrom the wheel buckets before again passing the same therethrough.

11; The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a nozzle member cooperating with said wheeland provided with diaphragms and distributing flanges between saiddiaphragms to form curved return passages, the receiving ends of saidreturn passages being inwardly flared at their forward sides todistribute the motive fluid received from the wheel buckets before againpassing the same therethrough.

12. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a nozzle member cooperating with said wheeland comprising diaphragms and a distributing flange between saiddiaphragms to form a curved return passage having an inwardlyopen-forward side, the receivmg end of sa1d return passage having aninwardly flarmg forward side to disttribute the motive fluid receivedfrom the wheel buckets before again passing the same therethrough.

l 13. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a llOZZlQ'IDQlDbQI' cooperating with saidwheel and comprising a return passage provided with a distributingdiaphragm, the receiving end of said return passage having a relievedforward side to distribute the motive fluid received from. the

wheel buckets before again passing the same therethrough.

14. The elastic fluid turbine, comprisin a chamber, a bucketed Wheelrunning in sai chamber and a nozzle member-cooperating with said wheelcomprising a curved return passage provided with a dis't-ributin'gfian ewithin the same, the forward side -'Of-'S 1'1d distributing flangebeing" inwardly flared at the receiving end of said-"return passage to idistribute the motive fluid received from the wheel buckets before againpassing the same therethrough.

15. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a nozzle member cooperating with said wheelhaving a curved return passage provided with-an inwardly flaring forwardside 'at its receiving end and a substantially parallel section at itsdischarge end to distribute the motive fluid received from the wheelbuckets before again passing the same therethrough. a

16. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a nozzle member cooperating with said wheelandvprovided' with din-- phragms and a distributing flange extendingforward from one of said diaphragms adjacent the other to form a curvedreturn passage having an inwardly open forward side, the receiving endof said return passage having an inwardly flaring forward side todistributethe motive fluid received from the wheel buckets before againpassing the same therethrough. 17. The' elastic fluid turbine,comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheel running in said chamber and anozzle member cooperating with said wheel and provided with diaphragmshaving a relief aperture and a distributing flange extending forwardfrom one of said diaphragms to form a curved return passage between themhaving an in wardly open forward side, the receiving end of said returnpassage having a relieved forward side to distribute the motive fluidreceived from the wheel bucket-s before again passing the sametherethrough.

18. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a nozzle member cooperating with said wheeland provided with diaphragms and distributing flanges extending forwardfrom said diaphragms to form a series of curved return passages havinginwardly open forward sides, the receiving ends of said return passageshaving relieved forward sides to distribute the motive fluid receivedfrom the wheel buckets before again passing the same therethrough.

19. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a chamber, a bucketed wheelrunning in said chamber and a nozzle member cooperating with said wheeland provided with diaphragms having relief apertures and distributingflanges extending between said diasecondary chambers receiving motivefluid therefrom, a shaft carrying bucketed wheels running in saidchambers, there'being a plurality of said wheels in one of the lowerstage secondary chambers and nozzle members cooperating with saidplurality of wheels and having connected nozzle tubes mounted in nozzleapertures in the adjacent partition, said nozzle tubes beina providedwith a separate nozzle passage leading to,

each nozzle member.

'21. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a longitudinally dividedcasing provided with integral partitions to form a primary chamber andduplicate series of secondary chambers on both sides of said primarychamber and receiving fluid therefrom, the shaft carrying bucketedwheels running in said:

chambers, nozzle members cooperatingwith each of the wheels in saidsecondary 0 ambers and having supporting nozzle tubes mounted inlongitudinally alined nozzle apertures bored in said partitions from theouter exhaust ends of said casing.

22. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a longitudinally dividedcasing provided with partitions to form a primary chamber and duplicateseries of secondary chambers on both sides of said primary chamber andreceivin motive fluid therefrom, a shaft carrying ucketedwheels runningin said chambers and nozzle members cooperating with said wheels andhaving 'sup orting nozz'le tubes mounted in longitu inally alinednozzle. apertures formed in said 'artitions from the outside lowpressure en S ofsa id-l casing. Y 1

23. The elastic fluid turbine, compr sm a longitudinally divided casingprovided with integral partitions to form a primary chamber andduplicateseries of secondary chambers on both sides of said primarychamber and receiving motive fluid therefrom, a

shaft carrying'bucketed wheels running in.

said chambers and nozzle members coopcrating with each of said wheels.

24. The elastic fluid turbine, comprising a longitudinally dividedchamber, a bucketed wheel running in said chamber and a nozzle membercoiiperating with said wheel and provided with diaphragms anddistributing flanges between said diaphragms to form curved returnpassages, the receivin ends of said return passages being inwar y flaredat their forward sides to distribute the motive fluid received from thewheel buckets before again passing the same therethrough.

25. The elastic fluid turbine, comprisin a longitudinally divided casingprovided with partitions to form a primary chamber and duplicate seriesof secondary chambers on.v

both sides of said primary chamber and receiving motive fluid therefrom,a shaft carrying bucketed wheels running in said chambers and nozzlemembers 'coiiperating with each of said wheels. 1 7 CHARLES BEMISREARICK. j Witnesses: i I i i HARRY L. DUNCAN, Jesse B. KAY.

